Participatory action research is an explorative qualitative research method. In the past the scientific acceptability of qualitative methods was often questionedToday, this discussion has become less controversial and the use of qualitative methods has been more frequently accepted. Wolcott (1990, 26) refers to the discussion and states “There is no longer a call for each researcher to discover and defend them anew.“ For this reason a detailed justification of the method will be omitted here. Instead, a brief explanation of the method and its adaptation in the context of this study will be given.
The origins of PAR can be traced back to Lewin (1946). His ideas can be seen as an attempt to bridge the gap between science and practice. He complained “research which produces nothing but books is not sufficient“ Lewin (1953, 280). This statement expressed very well the researcher‘s own feelings during the review phase of the PRAP programme. It was a regional research programme that had practically no impact on farmers as the ultimate beneficiaries of development efforts. Thus, looking for ways to bring together science and practice became a key issue of this study.
Lewin (1946) described action research as advancing in a spiral of steps, each of which comprises planning, action, and evaluation of that action. In this step-by-step approach, insights into complex situations are obtained. With each step insights gradually build up. The research process is determined by stages of information gathering, planning of actions, evaluation of those actions and re-planning for a new cycle in the light of the insights that were gained in the previous cycle of the spiral. After re-planning the process
The origins of PAR can be traced back to Lewin (1946). His ideas can be seen as an attempt to bridge the gap between science and practice. He complained “research which produces nothing but books is not sufficient“ Lewin (1953, 280). This statement expressed very well the researcher‘s own feelings during the review phase of the PRAP programme. It was a regional research programme that had practically no impact on farmers as the ultimate beneficiaries of development efforts. Thus, looking for ways to bring together science and practice became a key issue of this study.
Lewin (1946) described action research as advancing in a spiral of steps, each of which comprises planning, action, and evaluation of that action. In this step-by-step approach, insights into complex situations are obtained. With each step insights gradually build up. The research process is determined by stages of information gathering, planning of actions, evaluation of those actions and re-planning for a new cycle in the light of the insights that were gained in the previous cycle of the spiral. After re-planning the process
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